Why black men fear any police encounter could go awry

Charles Kinsey held his hands in the air and shouted to police the autistic man sitting on the street next to him wasn't dangerous. A few seconds later, he felt a bullet rip into his leg.

The therapist, who is black and works with people with disabilities, was rounding up a patient who had wandered away from a facility when he was ordered by police officers to lie on the ground. Kinsey imagined "as long as I've got my hands up, they're not going to shoot me. This is what I'm thinking. Wow, was I wrong," he told a television station.

The shooting in Florida earlier this week illustrates the longstanding fear among black men that almost any encounter with police can go awry with potentially deadly results, even when a person follows every law-enforcement command.

Police are known to pull their triggers "no matter how you follow their directions," emphasized Isaial Murray, a black 28-year-old construction worker in Detroit.

Some black men question why police seem to avoid using deadly force on dangerous white suspects, such as Dylann Roof, who is charged with killing nine African-Americans last year in a church in South Carolina, but are quick to point a gun at blacks.

"I see incidents with a white person with a gun on their hip and ... they don't pull their gun. They pull their Taser to calm them down," said Travis Haynes, 35, of Orlando, who is black. "But when it comes to a black man, the first thing they do is draw their gun."

The latest shooting comes after two black men were killed at the hands of police in Louisiana and Minnesota. Alton Sterling died July 5 during a scuffle with two white Baton Rouge police officers at a convenience store where he was selling CDs, as he had done for years.

The officers were responding to a call of a man threatening someone with a gun. They have said they found a gun in Sterling's pocket.

That shooting, captured on cellphone video, provoked widespread protests about police treatment of the black community.

It was followed by the death of Philando Castile, who was registered to carry a gun legally and told an officer he had a weapon during a July 6 traffic stop in a St. Paul suburb.

The officer fatally shot him. Moments later, in a live Facebook stream, his girlfriend said the officer had asked for Castile's license and shot him when he moved to retrieve it.

Rick Blanding, a black 28-year-old window cleaner in Detroit, said he follows orders whenever confronted by police.

"You got to understand you're dealing with two sides," he said, citing people on the right and wrong sides of the law. "Whenever police stop me, I follow their instructions. Do I trust them? Some. I fear for my life with some."

Police need to acknowledge this feeling among African-American men and work to find a solution, said Chuck Drago, a white former police chief in Oviedo, Florida.

"Perception is reality. If people believe that, then we as the police have to do something to prove that wrong," Drago said. "There's a lot of ways to do that, but we can't ignore it. We can't say: 'It's not true. You're mistaken.'"

Following those two deaths, 10 law-enforcement officers were shot fatally in attacks in Dallas, Baton Rouge and in a Michigan courthouse.

Police historically have been used against minority communities to enforce slavery, Jim Crow and segregation laws, said Victor E. Kappeler, the white dean of the College of Justice and Safety at Eastern Kentucky University. The recent deaths of black men only have increased that mistrust.

"This is the way it's always been," said Bishop T.D. Jakes, speaking at a panel last month in Washington, D.C. For generations, blacks have been reluctant to call authorities for help because "we have never felt safe with the police."