Survey - States lose track of sex offenders

In a startling new survey, a child advocacy group found that states across the country have lost track of tens of thousands of rapists, child molesters and other sex offenders who are supposed to be registered in Megan's Law databases.

Following an investigation that revealed California had lost track of at least 33,000 sex offenders, Parents for Megan's Law contacted all 50 states by telephone to ask about the accuracy of their registries.

It found that states on average were unable to account for 24 percent of sex offenders supposed to be in the databases. And 19 states, including Texas and New York, said they were unable to track how many sex offenders were failing to register, or simply did not know.

Federal law requires the addresses of convicted sex offenders to be verified at least once a year.

But the survey found that up-to-date addresses for more than 77,000 sex offenders are missing from the databases of 32 states. And in the other 18 states and the District of Columbia, which are responsible for 133,705 offenders, thousands of the ex-convicts may have disappeared.

'Turning backs'

"They're implementing Megan's Law, then turning their backs on it," said Laura Ahearn, executive director of the nonprofit agency in New York. "They need the technology and the staff to track down their sex offenders."

All states responded to the group's survey, but only 32 were able to provide failure rates. Many of these said they have never audited their sex offender registries and provided only rough estimates of their accuracy.

The survey said Oklahoma and Tennessee had the highest rates of noncompliance, both at 50 percent. A Tennessee official disputed this, and Oklahoma's Corrections Deparment spokesman, Brian Johnson, said the figure was just his best guess.

"I don't have any specific actual information in terms of the level of noncompliance," he said. "We've not done a study of that that I'm aware of."

The databases are supposed to help the public and police monitor sex offenders by keeping track of their home and work addresses and other personal details. Adults can search the database at sheriffs' offices or police departments, assuming the information is kept up to date as required.

All states have versions of the law named for 7-year-old Megan Kanka, a New Jersey girl who was raped and killed by a child molester who had moved in across the street.

But many states admit they don't know whether the databases are accurate -- and they have little staff to do the work.

In Oklahoma, Johnson's department mails address verification forms each year to 5,415 sex offenders, who are required to update and return them. But no one monitors how many of forms come back and how many don't.

Johnson said he spends about a third of his time on sex offender registration. One full-time worker has the rest of the responsibility.

The advocacy group said Tennessee's Bureau of Investigation told it half of the state's 6,300 sex offenders were out of compliance with the law. But a spokeswoman for the agency, Jeanne Broadwell, said 37 percent of 5,812 offenders were missing. She couldn't explain the discrepancy.

The agency receives most of its updates from local law enforcement by mail, Broadwell said, and it usually takes about six more weeks to put it into the Megan's Law database.

Florida's good record

Among the states with the best compliance rates is Florida, where state officials told the group only 4.7 percent of 27,689 offenders have failed to update their addresses.

Florida's Department of Law Enforcement sends letters out each year and has a full-time staff of 11 to keep close track of those that come back. Offenders who don't respond often get a visit from police, spokeswoman Mary Coffee said.

"We send a notification to law enforcement that says, 'Here's the guys who didn't report.' Certain agencies have entire units who follow-up on these folks," Coffee said.

Several state agencies, including the department that issues driver's licenses and state identification cards, which sex offenders in Florida are required to keep, have direct electronic access to the database.

"We have legislative and technology help that helps us do our best keeping track of these folks," Coffee said.

Ahearn said she was surprised that some populous states reported very different results. For example, Massachusetts told the group it had lost track of 44 percent of its 18,000 offenders, while Illinois said it lost just 14 percent of its 17,087.

Johnson, the Oklahoma official, also said he doubts the databases will ever provide more than a false sense of security.

"There's three reasons to have a sex offender registry," he said. "One is public protection, the second is it supports law enforcement investigations and it might prevent future acts of criminal behavior. I'm not aware of any research that says any of those things are accomplished."