North, South Korean navies clash at sea

SEOUL, South Korea -- The navies of North and South Korea clashed at sea Tuesday for the first time in seven years in what some analysts said was a provocation by the communist nation a week before President Barack Obama's visit to Seoul.

The North Korean ship retreated in flames, South Korean Prime Minister Chung Un-chan said, and the South's YTN television reported that one North Korean officer was killed and three other sailors were wounded.

The South Korean Joint Chiefs of Staff said it could not confirm the report of the North Korean casualties. There were no South Korean casualties, the military said.

Chung told lawmakers that North Korean ships violated the South's waters, although he said it was probably not intentional. He said the North Koreans may have been clamping down on Chinese fishing vessels operating in the area.

South Korean analysts, however, said North Korea was sending a clear message ahead of Obama's two-day visit starting Nov. 18.

"It was an intentional provocation by North Korea to draw attention ahead of Obama's trip," said Shin Yul, a political science professor at Seoul's Myongji University.

He also said the North was sending a message to Obama that it wants to replace the armistice agreement that ended the Korean War in 1953 with a permanent peace treaty while keeping its nuclear weapons.

Traveling with Obama on Air Force One, White House spokesman Robert Gibbs said the administration was aware of the clash and urged restraint on the part of North Korea.

"I would say to the North Koreans that we hope that there will be no further actions in the Yellow Sea that can be seen as an escalation," he said, referring to the body of water where the shooting took place. Koreans in both countries know it as the West Sea.

U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon is closely watching the situation and called for "maximum restraint by both parties," U.N. associate spokesman Farhan Haq said in New York. The incident shows the need to resolve all outstanding issues through dialogue and in a peaceful manner, Haq said.

The two Koreas are still technically at war and the U.S., which fought as part of U.N. forces on South Korea's side, has never had diplomatic relations with North Korea.

Washington has consistently said that Pyongyang must abandon its nuclear arsenal for any peace treaty to be concluded. North Korea has conducted two underground nuclear tests since 2006 and is believed to have enough weaponized plutonium for half a dozen atomic weapons.

The U.S. will send special envoy Stephen Bosworth to North Korea before year's end to try to pull Pyongyang back into international negotiations on nuclear disarmament, the State Department said.

Bosworth also will try to get the North Koreans to recommit to an agreement they made in September 2005 -- but subsequently abandoned -- to verifiably rid the Korean peninsula of nuclear arms, department spokesman P.J. Crowley said.

"The bottom line here is that North Korea has to take affirmative steps toward denuclearization," Crowley said.

He declined to say whether the North Koreans had promised -- during a series of recent contacts about arranging the Bosworth meeting -- to rejoin the so-called six-party talks in which the U.S., China, Russia, Japan and South Korea have sought for six years to negotiate an end to North Korea's nuclear program. The talks were last held in Beijing in December.

Crowley said it was not clear whether Bosworth would meet with North Korean leader Kim Jong Il. The Bosworth visit will be the first direct one-on-one U.S. talks with North Korea since Obama took office.

Kim Yong-hyun, an expert on North Korea at Seoul's Dongguk University, also believes North Korea provoked the naval clash, but said it was careful not to let the situation escalate.

"North Korea would not create conditions that could ruin its talks with the U.S., given the fact that Pyongyang has demanded them," he said.

The clash came one day before the United States celebrates Veterans Day. North Korea has in the past carried out actions deemed provocative around U.S. holidays, and test-launched ballistic missiles off its east coast July 4.

A clash had been brewing for months in the disputed western sea border, which is a rich crab fishing area. Both sides regularly accuse each other of border violations and the rival militaries blamed each other for Tuesday's skirmish.

A North Korean patrol boat crossed the disputed sea border before noon, drawing warning shots from a South Korean navy vessel, South Korea's Joint Chiefs of Staff said in a statement. It said the North Korean boat then opened fire and the South's ship returned fire before the North's vessel sailed back toward its waters.

The ships were about two miles (3.2 kilometers) away from each other during the clash, South Korean Rear Adm. Lee Ki-sik told reporters.

North Korea's military said in a statement that its ship was attacked by South Korean vessels as it was returning from checking on "an unidentified object that intruded into the waters of its side."

Some analysts doubted that North Korea provoked the clash.

Lee Sang-hyun, who watches North Korea at the Sejong Institute, a South Korean security think-tank, said it seemed to be accidental, considering recent diplomatic efforts to hold talks between North Korea and the United States on Pyongyang's nuclear programs.

Charles Morrison, president of the East-West Center in Honolulu, agreed.

"This is not the first naval incident, and it is a border area where both sides have different claims," he said. "So it's possible it's an error."

South Korea's military said North Korean ships have violated the sea border on 22 occasions this year. North Korea last month accused South Korean warships of broaching its territory and warned of a clash in the area.

The two sides fought deadly naval skirmishes in 1999 and 2002.

No South Koreans were killed in 1999, but six South Korean sailors died in 2002, according to the South Korean navy. It said exact North Korean causalities remain unclear.

"We are sternly protesting to North Korea and urging it to prevent the recurrence of similar incidents," Lee said. North Korea's military called on South Korea to apologize for the clash.

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Associated Press writers Kwang-tae Kim in Seoul, Foster Klug and National Security Writer Robert Burns in Washington, Ben Feller on Air Force One and AP photographer Jin-man Lee in Panmunjom, Korea, contributed to this report.