custom ad
NewsJanuary 10, 2003

FRANKFURT, Germany -- The government began tearing down six more bunkers from Hitler's infamous West Wall Thursday against the wishes of some German historians and war veterans who want the remaining concrete and steel fortifications saved as historic memorials...

By Melissa Eddy, The Associated Press

FRANKFURT, Germany -- The government began tearing down six more bunkers from Hitler's infamous West Wall Thursday against the wishes of some German historians and war veterans who want the remaining concrete and steel fortifications saved as historic memorials.

The leader of the Third Reich built 20,000 bunkers, trenches and tank dugouts along a 940-mile line, also known as the Siegfried Line, stretching along the German border from near Basel, Switzerland to Kleve in northern Germany.

Pneumatic drills pounded away Thursday on the first of six structures to be demolished this winter after the local government in the village of Rheinau, on the French border and 105 miles southwest of Frankfurt, complained the bunkers were a safety hazard. The federal government worried they were potential gathering place for neo-Nazis.

Some historians have argued tearing down the remnants of World War II will not change the facts of history and what is left of the West Wall should be saved as a memorial.

"It is a basic question of how we handle these relics of our history," said Hans-Ulrich Thamer, a history professor at the University of Muenster. "Either you try to preserve it or you just tear it down, but I don't think that is the best way."

Veterans groups complain that destroying the bunkers is disrespectful to the tens of thousands of soldiers who died in the war.

Even environmentalists are rushing to defend the hulking emplacements, saying they are a haven for bats and other rodents.

Only half remain

Only half of the original 20,000 bunkers fortifying the West Wall remain. Most of the others were destroyed shortly after the Allies broke through the line in the winter of 1944-45 in battles that killed huge numbers of German soldiers.

Federal authorities have been tearing down the bunkers at a rate of 100 to 200 a year, usually at the request of municipalities or landowners. The government eventually intends to remove all the remaining bunkers, except several hundred individual structures already designated historic monuments and preserved at a cost of $36.7 million. Opponents of demolition want all that remain to be left in place.

Receive Daily Headlines FREESign up today!

So intent was Hitler on his western defense that he ordered 500,000 workers to the project and consigned 20 percent of Germany's already scarce building materials for its completion.

Initially, Hitler said he built the West Wall was in response to France's fortification, the Maginot Line built along the country's eastern border with Germany.

But some three years later, when Germany sparked the war as it invaded Poland in 1939, the Western Wall's true purpose became clear: a defense against any Anglo-French attack while the Wehrmacht was occupied in the east.

The fortifications, trumpeted in songs and war-era stories, soon fed Germans' image of their own invincibility.

In the end, the U.S. Army broke through the Western Wall in the winter of 1944-45, after some pitched battles. Later, the Americans used some of the bunkers as storage facilities.

Rheinau officials asked federal authorities to remove the structures fearing a repeat of an accident in the 1970s, when a 9-year-old girl was killed when she fell on an exposed iron rod near a bunker.

And then there are concerns they could house gatherings of neo-Nazis.

"I don't know of any concrete meetings in the past, but I can imagine that it could happen as it is one of the few remaining relics of the Third Reich," said Andreas Kuebler of the federal Office for Building and Regional Planning, which is tearing down the bunkers.

Of the remaining bunkers and other structures that made up the wall, 6,500 have already been torn down or surrounded by fences to protect the public. Six hundred have been transformed into storage facilities or even museums, such as in Trier and Pirmasens.

Federal authorities estimate 2,500 have yet to be secured in any way.

Advertisement

Connect with the Southeast Missourian Newsroom:

For corrections to this story or other insights for the editor, click here. To submit a letter to the editor, click here. To learn about the Southeast Missourian’s AI Policy, click here.

Advertisement
Receive Daily Headlines FREESign up today!