Fallujah fight stalled by fierce fighting, civilian concerns

CAMP TARIQ, Iraq -- The Iraqi military's advance into Fallujah was stalled Wednesday by fierce resistance from Islamic State fighters and concerns over protecting tens of thousands of civilians still trapped inside the strategic city, officials said.

With the operation in its second week, convoys of special forces could only inch forward on the dusty southern outskirts of the city as a handful of airstrikes sent up plumes of white smoke above clusters of low buildings on the fringes of the city's dense urban terrain.

More than 50,000 people are believed still to be inside Fallujah, and the U.N. estimated 20,000 of them are children, warning they face a dire humanitarian situation in addition to the risk of forced recruitment by the extremists.

In a visit to the front line, Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi noted the slow pace and emphasized the priorities of the operation were protecting civilian lives and minimizing Iraqi casualties, but he praised the progress so far as a "remarkable advance."

Government troops will "hoist the Iraqi flag inside Fallujah in the coming few days," vowed al-Abadi, wearing the black fatigues of the counterterrorism force.

The operation to free Fallujah from the more than two-year grip of the Islamic State was launched May 22, and it involves the Iraqi special forces, militias consisting of mainly Shiite fighters and U.S.-led airstrikes.

Retaking the Sunni-majority city 40 miles west of Baghdad would represent a huge victory for the Iraqi government because Fallujah was one of the first major urban areas to fall to the IS extremists in 2014 and has been a bastion of support for militant anti-government sentiment in Iraq since the 2003 U.S.-led invasion.

In 2004, Fallujah also was the site of some of the bloodiest urban combat between American forces and the IS group's predecessor, al-Qaeda in Iraq. More than 100 U.S. troops died and another 1,000 were wounded fighting insurgents in house-to-house battles.

"Today's offensive on Fallujah is different from the one the Americans fought in 2004," said Brig. Haider al-Obeidi. Unlike the insurgency U.S. forces fought in Fallujah and elsewhere in Iraq, IS fighters are operating like a conventional military in addition to carrying out suicide attacks and planting hidden bombs.

Progress against the IS militants has been slow due to their intense resistance and the need to protect the civilians, army Gen. Jalil al-Sharifi said.

The prime minister, speaking from the main operations room at a sprawling military base just east of the center of Fallujah, said IS was using civilians as human shields, and the government was urging residents to leave via safe corridors or stay inside their homes.

"The main goal of the military operation now is to reduce civilian and army casualties," al-Abadi said.

The fight for Fallujah is expected to be long and hard because IS has had more than two years to dig in and because of the dense urban setting. Once Iraqi forces are in the city center, calling in airstrikes will become more difficult due to the many civilians and the proximity of friendly forces, according to the U.S.-led coalition.

Lt. Gen. Abdul Ghani al-Asadi said he expects to find more sympathy among Fallujah's population for the Sunni-led militants of IS, which some estimates have put at 500 to 700 fighters. That will make it harder to differentiate between friend and foe.

"Given the long period IS controlled the city and how IS runs the city, many of the population support them," al-Asadi said. Since the operation began, the United Nations said it has received reports that about 500 men and boys have been detained for questioning because they were identified as suspected IS sympathizers. Thousands of civilians have fled Fallujah's mostly rural outskirts over the past two weeks.

Iraqi forces have imposed a tight blockade on the city, and Islamic State militants reportedly are preventing residents from leaving.

Estimating the number of children still in Fallujah at 20,000, UNICEF called on all parties to protect them and "provide safe passage to those wishing to leave the city." Such an arrangement is unlikely to happen because it would require negotiations between both sides.

The U.N. also said violence in Iraq killed at least 867 people in May, an increase from the previous month.

In its monthly report, the U.N. mission to Iraq said at least 468 civilians were among the dead, while the rest were members of the security forces. A total of 1,459 Iraqis were wounded last month, it said.

In April, at least 741 Iraqis were killed and 1,374 wounded. The figures do not include casualties from Anbar province, which includes Fallujah.

Baghdad was the worst affected in May, with 267 civilians killed and 740 wounded, mainly in bombings targeting security forces and the Shiite majority.

Fallujah is the last major urban area controlled by the extremist group in western Iraq. The militants still control Iraq's second-largest city, Mosul, as well as smaller towns and areas in the west and north.