International science and engineering winners at the Southeast Missouri Regional Science Fair were announced Thursday night. From left are David Walls, who teaches winner Mandi Jarred of South Pemiscot High School; Elizabeth Ellis, who teaches winner Caitlin Walls of South Pemiscot; winner Amanda Busby of Kennett High School; and her teacher, Robert Gill.
Two students from Missouri's Bootheel are headed to the 50th International Science and Engineering Fair after capturing top honors at the Southeast Missouri Regional Science Fair.
Mandi Jarred of South Pemiscot High School in Steele and Amanda Busby of Kennett High School were winners in the competition held this week in Cape Girardeau. Awards were presented Thursday night at a banquet.
Jarred's exhibit, Lactase Enzyme Immobilization by Gel Entrapment, and Busby's exhibit, Glass II: Toward a Standard, will both be judged at the international competition.
In addition, Caitlin Walls, of South Pemiscot Schools in Steele was named the Top Eighth Grade Student for her science fair project, The Effects of Promoters on the Rate of Catalase Enzyme Activity.
The science fair is sponsored by Southeast Missouri State University, Environmental Analysis South, Southeast Missourian, Drury Southwest and Hathaway Consulting.
Category Winners
Junior Division
Behavioral & Social Sciences
Superior: Elizabeth Fluegge, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, The Sex Role in Color Preference: Heredity or Environment; Amanda Wozniak, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Stop!!
Outstanding: Kyle Selvidge, Poplar Bluff Jr. High, Gender-Based Memory.
Biochemistry
Superior: Caitlin Walls, South Pemiscot R-V, Steele, The Effects of Promoters on the Rate of Catalase Enzyme Activity.
Outstanding: Janet Glosemeyer, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, How Light is "Lite"?
Botany
Superior: Christopher Glastetter & Garret Sander, St Denis, Benton, Popcorn: Which Brand Leaves the Least Unpopped Kernels; Julia Vetter, St Denis, Benton, Acceleration of Seed Germination by Irradiation - Does It Work?; Jessie Rhodes, Woodland R-4, Marble Hill, Growing Great Grass; Steven Hendricks, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, It's All in the Dirt; Jake Marsh, Sikeston Jr High, Quenching Plant's Thirst.
Outstanding: Derick Hinklin, South Pemiscot R-4, Steele, Does the Direction a Seed Points Affect the Root Growth?; Kandice Abner, Woodland R-4, Marble Hill, What is the Effect of Cotyledon Removal Upon Peanut Embryos; Chelsey Oliver, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Factors Affecting Seed Germination; Jamie Davidson, Sikeston Jr High, Which Plant Food Produces Fastest Growth?; Miranda Abt, Perry County Middle, Plants Grow Best With?
Excellent: Emily Seiler, St Denis, Benton, Fungus Among Us; Sam Burnett, St. Ambrose, Chaffee, How Magnetism Affects Plant Growth; Mallory Kiefer, St Ambrose, Chaffee, Growing Toward the Light.
Chemistry
Superior: Jessica Vernon & Jamie Behrle, St. Vincent, Perryville, Which Carpet Cleaner Cleans the Best?; Emily Miller, Alicia Klump & Henny Hayden, St. Vincent, Perryville, Heavy Metal; Julianna Montgomery, Sikeston Jr High, Which Popular Scouring Cleanser will Attack Stains, but not the Surface Being Cleaned?; Catherine Marshall, Sikeston Middle, Which has More Vitamin C? Fruits or Vegetables?
Outstanding: Danielle Schremp & Lanae Zoellner, St Vincent, Perryville, What's Hot What Not; Sarah Flentge & Danielle Wengert, St Vincent, Perryville, Recycling...The Paper That Saves; Douglas Overbey, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Which Glues Stick?; Jonathan K Spence, Sikeston Middle, What pH Level is Most Conducive to Corrosion on Iron and Copper?; Mindy A. McAtee, Perry County Middle, How Does It Rise?
Excellent: Tiffany Clifton, Racheal Hoch & Keshia Clubb, St Vincent, Perryville, Burn Baby Burn; Ali Stracener, South Pemiscot R-V, Steele, What Metal is Most Efficient for Use in the Ocean; Kyle Bandermann, Woodland R-4, Marble Hill, When Life Hands You a Bowl of Lemons...; Andi Baldwin, Poplar Bluff Jr High, Which Laundry Detergent is the Most Effective on Stains?
Earth & Space Sciences
Superior: Staci Morton, South Pemiscot R-V, Steele, How Does Density Affect the Transfer of Seismic Energy; Brendon McMeel, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Ice Wars: Choose Your Weapon.
Outstanding: Annette Horrell, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Which Wood is Hardest?
Excellent: James Rice & Kyle J. Winkler, St Vincent, Perryville, Down & Dirty with Perry County; Mariann Wright, Kennett Middle, Star Light, Star Bright, How Fast Did You Move Tonight?
Engineering
Superior: David Kiblinger, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Which Weight Should You Want?; Jacob Dirnberger & Matthew Heisserer, Kelso C-7, Benton, Levers, Pulleys, and Weights...Oh, My!; Jessica Percifulli, Kennett Middle, Shake, Rattle, and Roll; Tim Yamnitz, Perry County Middle, Copper, Bunny, and Lightning.
Outstanding: Ryan Poutillas & Chris Herzog, St Vincent, Perryville, Battle of the Bridges; Matthew Schrem & Chad Lane, St Vincent, Perryville, Which Brand of Fishing Line is the Strongest; Travis Michael Elfrink, Woodland R-4, Marble Hill, E-Train's Crane; Joseph Dufek, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, To Re-Record or Not to Re-Record?; Ryan Glastetter & Adam Francis Glueck, Kelso C-7, Benton, Brightness of the Bulbs.
Excellent: Josh Triller & Tyler Paulus, St Vincent, Perryville, Don't Wait Insulate; Joseph McCrate, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Static Generator; Major Burger & Brandon Dirnberger, Kelso C-7, Benton, Y2K Electricity; Meredith Toole, Central Jr High, Cape Girardeau, Geodesic Dome vs. Rectangular Shaped Buildings.
Environmental Science
Superior: Sara Meystedt, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Insulation Realization; Heather Haynes, Poplar Bluff Jr High, Butler County Landfill vs. Mudcreek.
Outstanding: Kasie Essner, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, The Pick of the Litter; Kate Devaney, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, The Effect of Detergent on Oxygen Production; Summer N. Mantz, Kennett Middle, Weather Wise; Jonna Robertson, Kennett Middle, Heat Wave.
Excellent: Bethany Beggs & Jamie Welter, St Denis, Benton, Plant Pollution; Danny Kirn, Kyle Huber & Aaron Buerck, St Vincent, Perryville, Oil in Overdrive; Kelsey Shearon, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Acid Rain; Ryne Vickery, Sikeston Jr High, Do Different Soil Types Absorb Different Amounts of Water?
Mathematics & Computer Sciences
Superior: Sara Berkbigler, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Direct & Indirect Measurement.
Outstanding: Patty Cheung, Central Jr High, Cape Girardeau, Mathematics and Music.
Excellent: Adam Fenwick, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, The Marvel of Marbles: Where Will They Land?; Lindsey Anderson, Central Jr High, Cape Girardeau, Fibonacci Sequence in Nature;
Medicine & Health
Superior: Theresa Yoffie, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Belly Up: How Effective is Your Antacid; Ryan Roggow, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Got Calcium?; Jenny Pinkston & Amanda O'Brien, Kelso C-7, Benton, To Burn or Not to Burn.
Outstanding: Kelsey Amschler, Danielle Emmendorfer & Natasha Becker, St Vincent, Perryville, Are You Losin' Cash?!
Excellent: LaTeaschia Dickmann, Caitlin M. Hoeh & Beth Hennemann, St Vincent, Perryville, Did Somebody Say Healthy?; Dawn Hoeckele, Danielle Buchheit & Leslie Sides, St Vincent, Perryville, Got a Headache? Swallow This;
Microbiology
Superior: Matt Unverferth, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, To Spray or Not to Spray; Kayli Baldwin, Poplar Bluff Jr High, Which Soap Kills the Most Bacteria?
Outstanding: Michael Zimmer, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, The Inhibition of Bread Mold Through the Use of Natural Food Constituents.
Physics
Superior: Matt Wengert & Dominic Richardet, St Vincent, Perryville, Full of Juice and Ready for Use; Ben Harrison, South Pemiscot R-V, Steele, The Effect the Angle of a Solar Panel has on the Voltage Produced; Sam Klimmek, Sikeston Jr High, How Different Colored Lights Affect the Way Solar Cells Run; Charla Chailland, Kennett Middle, Stop! Drop and Splatter!
Outstanding: Katie Palmer, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Fore!; Nathan Eaves, Sikeston Middle, What Fishing Line Holds More Weight Compared to Its Test Weight?; Stefan Besand, Perry County Middle, Electric Frenzy.
Excellent: Janessa Burford & Trey Simmons, St Denis, Benton, Viscosity of Oil; Lindsay Phillips, South Pemiscot R-V, Steele, Common Household Products as Insulators; Justin Morse, South Pemiscot R-V, Steele, How Weight Affects Jet Propulsion; Jeff Brosey, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Air Pressure & Its Effects on a Basketball; Jill Heuschober, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Hot or Cold - Will a Magnet's Force Hold?; Brian Barwick, Poplar Bluff Jr High, Which GE will It be?
Zoology
Superior: Adonia Bratti, Woodland R-4, Marble Hill, Escargot and D.O. (Dissolved Oxygen); Adam Moore, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Sowbugs.
Outstanding: Natalie Scherer, St Denis, Benton, Outstanding Osmosis.
Senior Division
Behavioral & Social Sciences
First: Mesha Russell, Central Jr High, Cape Girardeau, Do Males or Females have a Better Sense of Smell.
Second: Lauren M. Naeger, Central Jr High, Cape Girardeau, How do Different Types of Music Affect Memory; Jessica Jones, Central Jr High, Cape Girardeau, The Effects of Music on Concentration.
Biochemistry
First: Henry Andrews, Kennett High, Changes in Sugar Levels of Sprouting Cotton Seeds.
Second: Jami Howard, Sikeston Sr High, Energy Content of Foods
Third: Sarah Strom, Sikeston Sr High, Does the Time Allowed for Fermentation Affect Glucose Levels in Vitis vinifera?
Botany
First:Brandon Couch, Sikeston Sr High, Do Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen Levels Affect Seed Germination?
Second: Amy Brookover, Central Jr High, Cape Girardeau, Chemical vs. Organic.
Chemistry
First: Kendall C. Edwards, South Pemiscot High, Steele, The Heat of Combustion of Oils.
Second: Christine Schlosser, Central Jr High, Cape Girardeau, A Rustic Outlook.
Third: Kendra Riddle, Sikeston Jr High, How Pure is Pure; Stephanie Brown, St Vincent High, Perryville, To Rust or Not to Rust?
Engineering
First: Amanda Busby, Kennett High, Glass II: Toward a Standard.
Second: Bradley Schafer, RO Hawkins Jr High, Jackson, Which Voltage is Best?
Third: Jason Detring, Farmington High, The Toast Drive.
Environmental Science
First: Kevin M. Lankheit, Notre Dame, Cape Girardeau, The Study of Short and Long-wave Ultraviolet Light on Movements of Euglena gracilis.
Second: Michael Thomas Blocker & Ryan Mitchell Blocker, Farmington High, The Effects of Buffers on Acid Rain.
Third: Melissa Mobley, Sikeston Sr High, Can Human Hair be Used Successfully as an Absorptive for Oil Spills on Water?
Mathematics & Computer Sciences
First: Nicol Contino, Farmington High, Chem-Mastery.
Second: Joe Ballew, Farmington High, Sci-Stat.
Third: Jason Green, Farmington High, Chemistry Made Easy.
Medicine & Health
First: Mandi Jarred, South Pemiscot, Steele, Lactase Enzyme Immobilization by Gel Entrapment.
Second: Swaroop Mai Madduri, Poplar Bluff Sr High, Mitotic Index and Chromosomal Aberrations in Afflum cepa Roots: An Efficient Method to Study the Chemical Interaction Effect of Chemotherapy Drugs. Can It Replace Animal Experimentation (Phase IV).
Third: Nathan Foley, Central Jr High, Cape Girardeau, Sunblock: Protection You Expect?
Microbiology
First: Matthew H. Harrison, South Pemiscot, Steele, Electricity Generation by Micro-organisms (Microbial Fuel-cell).
Second: Terra Herzberger, Central Jr High, Cape Girardeau, Money Microbes.
Physics
First: Ron Bohn, Farmington High, Just a Moment...
Second: Tyler D. Wibbenmeyer, Central Jr High, Cape Girardeau, Reflected Current.
Third: Tim Welch, South Pemiscot, Steele, Laser-based Liquid Prism - Precision Optical Method to Find Density of Oils; Lisa Georger, Advance R-4, Grain Bin Grave.
Zoology
First: Emily Lyon, Sikeston Sr High, What Percentage of Vitamin A Affects Limb Development in Xenopus Laevis?
Second: Adam Dennis, South Pemiscot High, Steele, Effects of Magnetism on the Fertilization Rate of Lytechinus varigatus.
Special Awards
Ameren UE
Bradley Schafer, RO Hawkins Jr High, Jackson, Which Voltage is Best?
American Chemical Society
Jr Biochemistry: Caitlin Walls, South Pemiscot R-V, Steele, The Effects of Promoters on the Rate of Catalase Enzyme Activity.
Jr Chemistry: Catherine Marshall, Sikeston Middle, Which has More Vitamin C? Fruits or Vegetables?
Sr Biochemistry: Henry Andrews, Kennett High, Changes in Sugar Levels of Sprouting Cotton Seeds.
Sr Chemistry: Kendall C. Edwards, South Pemiscot High, Steele, The Heat of Combustion of Oils.
American Meteorological Society
Rory Rubel, Scott City High, Does Temperature Affect Sound?
Association for Women Geoscientists
Andrew Jenkins, Advance R-4; The Effect of Groundwater Depth on Iron, pH, and Hardness.
Cape Girardeau Area Engineers Club
Junior: David Kiblinger, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Which Weight Should You Want?
Senior: Amanda Busby, Kennett High, Glass II: Toward a Standard.
Eastman Kodak Company
Mariann Wright, Kennett Middle, Star Light, Star Bright, How Fast Did You Move Tonight?
Environmental Analysis South, Inc.
7th Grade: Cara Scherer & Michael Scherer, St Denis, Benton, Save Our Planet - Recycle.
8th Grade: Mallory Gonzales, Sikeston Jr High, Is the Paint on the Walls Making Us Sick.
Intel
Nicol Contino, Farmington High, Chem-Mastery.
NACE International
Jennifer Vandeven, St Ambrose, Chaffee, Can a Nail be Made Rustproof?
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
Nicol Contino, Farmington High, Chem-Mastery.
Society for In Vitro Biology
Kevin M. Lankheit, Notre Dame, Cape Girardeau, The Study of Short and Long-wave Ultraviolet Light on Movements of Euglena gracilis.
Southeast Missouri Dental Society
Junior: Caitlin Walls, South Pemiscot R-V, Steele, The Effects of Promoters on the Rate of Catalase Enzyme Activity.
Senior: Kevin M. Lankheit, Notre Dame, Cape Girardeau, The Study of Short and Long-wave Ultraviolet Light on Movements of Euglena gracilis.
Louis Unfer Awards
Junior Earth Science: Staci Morton, South Pemiscot R-V, Steele, How Does Density Affect the Transfer of Seismic Energy.
Junior Engineering: Jessica Percifulli, Kennett Middle, Shake, Rattle, and Roll.
United States Air Force
Junior -- First: Michael Nadeau & David Mattingly, St Vincent, Perryville, Is This Door in Your Future? Second: Sam Klimmek, Sikeston Jr High, How Different Colored Lights Affect the Way Solar Cells Run. Third: Major Burger & Brandon Dirnberger, Kelso C-7, Benton, Y2K Electricity.
Senior -- First: Amanda Busby, Kennett High, Glass II: Toward a Standard. Second: Ron Bohn, Farmington High, Just a Moment... Third: Bradley Schafer, RO Hawkins Jr High, Jackson, Which Voltage is Best?
United States Army
Most Outstanding: Emily Lyon, Sikeston Sr High, What Percentage of Vitamin A Affects Limb Development in Xenopus Laevis?
Engineering: Bradley Schafer, RO Hawkins Jr High, Jackson, Which Voltage is Best?
Environmental Science: Kevin M. Lankheit, Notre Dame, Cape Girardeau, The Study of Short and Long-wave Ultraviolet Light on Movements of Euglena gracilis.
Mathematics & Computer Science: Nicol Contino, Farmington High, Chem-Mastery.
Life Sciences: Emily Lyon, Sikeston Sr High, What Percentage of Vitamin A Affects Limb Development in Xenopus Laevis?
Physical Sciences: Marcie Eaves, Sikeston Sr High, Mapping Plasmid Base Pairs Using Restriction Enzymes.
Achievement: Britany C. Wade, South Pemiscot, Steele, A Study of the Diffusion Rate of Ions Through Membranes; Colleen Bates, Sikeston Sr High, A Spectrophotometric Assay Optimizing Conditions for Pepsin Activity; Jami Howard, Sikeston Sr High, Energy Content of Foods; Crystal Stokes, Sikeston Sr High, The Assay of Starch Degrading Enzymes; Kendall C. Edwards, South Pemiscot High, Steele, The Heat of Combustion of Oils; Christopher Walker, Advance R-4, Atmospheric Pollution; Swaroop Mai Madduri, Poplar Bluff Sr High, Mitotic Index and Chromosomal Aberrations in Afflum cepa Roots: An Efficient Method to Study the Chemical Interaction Effect of Chemotherapy Drugs. Can It Replace Animal Experimentation (Phase IV); Matthew H. Harrison, South Pemiscot, Steele, Electricity Generation by Micro-organisms (Microbial Fuel-cell); Terra Herzberger, Central Jr High, Cape Girardeau, Money Microbes; Tim Welch, South Pemiscot, Steele, Laser-based Liquid Prism - Precision Optical Method to Find Density of Oils; Tyler D. Wibbenmeyer, Central Jr High, Cape Girardeau, Reflected Current; Ron Bohn, Farmington High, Just a Moment...
United States Department of the Navy
Amanda Busby, Kennett High, Glass II: Toward a Standard; Christopher Walker, Advance R-4, Atmospheric Pollution; Swaroop Mai Madduri, Poplar Bluff Sr High, Mitotic Index and Chromosomal Aberrations in Afflum cepa Roots: An Efficient Method to Study the Chemical Interaction Effect of Chemotherapy Drugs. Can It Replace Animal Experimentation (Phase IV); Matthew H. Harrison, South Pemiscot, Steele, Electricity Generation by Micro-organisms (Microbial Fuel-cell).
United States Metric Association
Kendra Riddle, Sikeston Jr High, How Pure is Pure.
Yale Science & Engineering Association
Joe Ballew, Farmington High, Sci-Stat.
Best Group Exhibit
Emily Miller, Alicia Klump & Henny Hayden, St Vincent, Perryville, Heavy Metal.
Best Collection Study
Meredith Toole, Central Jr High, Cape Girardeau, Geodesic Dome vs. Rectangular Shaped Buildings.
Best Experimental Study
Caitlin Walls, South Pemiscot R-V, Steele, The Effects of Promoters on the Rate of Catalase Enzyme Activity; Julia Vetter, St Denis, Benton; Acceleration of Seed Germination by Irradiation - Does It Work?; Jessie Rhodes, Woodland R-4, Marble Hill, Growing Great Grass; Steven Hendricks, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, It's All in the Dirt; Jake Marsh, Sikeston Jr High, Quenching Plant's Thirst; Emily Miller, Alicia Klump & Henny Hayden, St Vincent, Perryville, Heavy Metal; Julianna Montgomery, Sikeston Jr High, Which Popular Scouring Cleanser will Attack Stains, but not the Surface Being Cleaned?; Jonathan K Spence, Sikeston Middle, What pH Level is Most Conducive to Corrosion on Iron and Copper?; Catherine Marshall, Sikeston Middle, Which has More Vitamin C? Fruits or Vegetables?; Staci Morton, South Pemiscot R-V, Steele, How Does Density Affect the Transfer of Seismic Energy; Jessica Percifulli, Kennett Middle, Shake, Rattle, and Roll; Sara Meystedt, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Insulation Realization; Kasie Essner, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, The Pick of the Litter; Sara Berkbigler, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Direct & Indirect Measurement; Ben Harrison, South Pemiscot R-V, Steele, The Effect the Angle of a Solar Panel has on the Voltage Produced; Sam Klimmek, Sikeston Jr High, How Different Colored Lights Affect the Way Solar Cells Run; Charla Chailland, Kennett Middle, Stop! Drop and Splatter!
Best Invention Study
Michael Nadeau & David Mattingly, St Vincent, Perryville, Is This Door in Your Future?
Best Model Study
Summer N Mantz, Kennett Middle, Weather Wise.
Best Observation Study
Elizabeth Fluegge, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, The Sex Role in Color Preference: Heredity or Environment.
Overall Junior Life Science
Steven Hendricks, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, It's All in the Dirt.
Overall Junior Physical Science
Caitlin Walls, South Pemiscot R-V, Steele, The Effects of Promoters on the Rate of Catalase Enzyme Activity.
Kiwanis Scholarship
Kendall C. Edwards, South Pemiscot High, Steele, The Heat of Combustion of Oils.
Dr. E.L. Bahn Award
Swaroop Mai Madduri, Poplar Bluff Sr High, Mitotic Index and Chromosomal Aberrations in Afflum cepa Roots: An Efficient Method to Study the Chemical Interaction Effect of Chemotherapy Drugs. Can It Replace Animal Experimentation (Phase IV).
Discovery Communications Inc.
Caitlin Walls, South Pemiscot R-V, Steele, The Effects of Promoters on the Rate of Catalase Enzyme Activity; Julia Vetter, St Denis, Benton, Acceleration of Seed Germination by Irradiation - Does It Work? Steven Hendricks, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, It's All in the Dirt; Jake Marsh, Sikeston Jr High, Quenching Plant's Thirst; Julianna Montgomery, Sikeston Jr High, Which Popular Scouring Cleanser will Attack Stains, but not the Surface Being Cleaned?; Jonathan K Spence, Sikeston Middle, What pH Level is Most Conducive to Corrosion on Iron and Copper?; Catherine Marshall, Sikeston Middle, Which has More Vitamin C? Fruits or Vegetables?; Staci Morton, South Pemiscot R-V, Steele, How Does Density Affect the Transfer of Seismic Energy; Jessica Percifulli, Kennett Middle, Shake, Rattle, and Roll; Sara Meystedt, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Insulation Realization; Kasie Essner, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, The Pick of the Litter; Summer N Mantz, Kennett Middle, Weather Wise; Sara Berkbigler, St Vincent de Paul, Cape Girardeau, Direct & Indirect Measurement; Ben Harrison, South Pemiscot R-V, Steele, The Effect the Angle of a Solar Panel has on the Voltage Produced; Sam Klimmek, Sikeston Jr High, How Different Colored Lights Affect the Way Solar Cells Run; Charla Chailland, Kennett Middle, Stop! Drop and Splatter!
2000 Logo Contest Winner
School: St. Ambrose, Chaffee
Principal: Andrea Seabaugh
Teacher: Christie Brumleve
Designer: Jennifer Vandeven
Connect with the Southeast Missourian Newsroom:
For corrections to this story or other insights for the editor, click here. To submit a letter to the editor, click here. To learn about the Southeast Missourian’s AI Policy, click here.